Saturday, March 26, 2022

Price of Oil

 Was starting to wonder how the price of crude oil is actually set.

One can find everyday a price for Brent(North Sea) oil, in USD, which

is a benchmark. There is also a daily quote for WTI (West Texas Intermediate),

which is the North American standard; the two are often close, but not spot on the

same, so I was wondering...Oil is both a commodity and  financial product,

traded for profit on a futures market. How does all this come together.


Rather fascinating.


https://open.alberta.ca/dataset/5e6f425a-e1c7-441a-9aa0-64890e4ecade/resource/b7080f88-f748-45f0-8294-81d32a7a834c/download/13-Explaining-oil-price-differentials-formatted.pdf

Got from this Alberta energy pdf that the price of oil is what the oil producer gets.

Naturally, quality counts and a more pure product is worth more. But there is 

also the question of transportation costs to delivery. For an equal product, one is worth

less than the other if it is expensive to deliver. This is why Brent is such a star: easy to

move by land or sea, although distance is also a a factor.


https://money.howstuffworks.com/oil-speculation-raise-gas-price.htm

The above link describes high drama: what happened leading up to the 2008

financial crisis. There was indeed more going on at the time - pricipally with the 

finacing of mortgages - but his was a derivatives market: not even selling oil futures

at all.


https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/oil-and-petroleum-products/prices-and-outlook.php

To appreciate the role of futures trading, one has to consider global supply and 

demand, and that means OPEC. They hold the reserves and excess capacity.


https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/delivery-point.asp

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/derivative.asp

Can you take delivery of oil futures?
If you're trading crude oil futures (/CL), the underlying contract represents 1,000 barrels of crude oil. If you're long the futures contract when delivery takes place, you'll receive 1,000 barrels of crude oil. And if you're short, you'll be required to distribute the 1,000 barrels of oil

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